Dictionary

Foundations

Large language model (LLM)

A model trained to predict the next piece of text, which turns out to be enough to summarise, draft, classify and reason about language.

An LLM is trained on a very large amount of text with one deceptively simple objective: predict what comes next. Scale that up far enough and the model becomes able to answer questions, write code, extract data from documents and hold a conversation.

Two consequences follow, and both matter to a business:

  • It is generating, not looking up. An LLM has no database of facts to consult. It produces plausible text. Usually that text is correct; sometimes it is confidently wrong. See hallucination.
  • It has no memory between conversations. Everything it "knows" about your business has to be supplied each time, inside the context window.

Almost every design decision in a production AI system follows from those two facts.

Next step

Tell us what you’re trying to build

Most engagements start with a fixed-price audit, so the first thing you buy is a decision rather than a commitment.